[Science] Paper II TET

Fibre to Fabric

Cotton, wool, silk and jute are some natural fibres, while nylon and polyester are some examples of synthetic fibres.

Fibres like cotton and jute are obtained from plants.

The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning.

In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam.

Natural fibers include cotton, hair, fur, silk, and wool.

The process that is used to separate grain from stalks etc. is threshing.

When the heavier component in a mixture settles after water is added to it, the process is called sedimentation.

When the water (along with the dust) is removed, the process is called decantation.

The process of conversion of water vapour into its liquid form is called condensation.

More of a substance can be dissolved in a solution by heating it.

Plants with green and tender stems are called herbs. They are usually short and may not have many branches.

A shrub is a small to medium-sized woody plant. It is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height, usually less than 6 m tall. 

Plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground are called creepers, while those that take support on neighbouring structures and climb up are called climbers.

The part of a leaf by which it is attached to the stem is called petiole. The broad, green part of the leaf is called lamina.

Midrib is a large strengthened vein along the midline of a leaf.

Lines on the leaf are called veins.

The margin of a leaf is another name for the structure of the leaf's edge.

Leaf venation is basically of two types: - 

A) Reticulate venation: In this type, the veins branch and unite forming a complicated network . All the veins are interconnected, like the strands of the net. e.g., Hibiscus, Redgram

B) Parallel venation: In this type, the veins run parallel or nearly parallel to each other and are connected by smaller veins. e.g., Banana, Wheat

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