Sept Kept

                                               September Current Affairs

1. CCoTVM and PARICHAALAN initiatives have been launched by __? Indian Railway

2. India is in talks to set up a gas-based urea manufacturing plant at the Chabahar port in which of the following countries? Iran

 3. Vadakkunnathan Temple is located in Kerala at __? Thissur

4. Lalita Prasida Sripada Srisai, who won the ‘Community Impact Award’ at the prestigious Google Science Fair in California recently is a class IX student from Koraput district in Odisha

5. Which cricketer has been elected president of cricket statisticians body ACSSI? Dilip Vengsarkar

Current Affairs-26th 27th & 28th Sep

1. Union Government formed B S Baswan committee to revisit civil services examination pattern.

2. 27^th Sep – Google’s 17^th birthday

3. September 27: World Tourism Day

 Theme for 2015: "One Billion Tourists, One Billion Opportunities"

4. Shivinder Mohan Singh on 23 September 2015 resigned as the executive vice-chairman of Fortis Healthcare Limited.

[HISTORY2] Target Naib Tehsildar

                   Indus Valley Civilization(2500 BC • 1500 BC)

It was a highly developed civilization and derived its name from the main river of that region— Indus. The cities were far more advanced than their counterparts in prehistoric Egypt, Mesopotamia or anywhere else in Western Asia.

                                     

Cultures that preceded Harappan culture are pre-Harappan, while proto-Harappan cultures are those pre-Harappan cultures which have some close similarities with the Harappan culture.

Current Affairs-23rd 24th & 25th Sep

1. Lalita Prasida Sripada Srisai, a class IX student from Damanjodi in Koraput district in Odisha won the ‘Community Impact Award’ at the prestigious Google Science Fair in California.

2. European Union (EU) has imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty of up to 31.2 per cent on imports of sewage and water steel pipes from India.

3. Zayn Khan elected as the President of the Federation of Motor Sports Clubs of India (FMSCI).

4.Bank of Maharashtra has launched Mudra card to meet the credit requirements of micro and small entrepreneurs on 81^st foundation day.
Chairman-cum-Managing Director, S Muhnot

[Science] Paper II TET

Dietary fibre = roughage

Roughage is mainly provided by the food products in our body.

Whole grains, pulses and potatoes are the man sources of roughage. It does not provideany nutrient to our body but helps our body to get rid of undigested food.

आहारी रेशे =  रुक्षांश  
 रुक्षांश की पूर्ति मुख्य्तः पादप उत्पादों से होती है।  
ये पचे भोजन को बहार निकालने में हमारे शरीर की मदद करते हैं।  

[Science] Paper II TET

 Some plants have two or more edible (eatable) parts.    

     1.    Seeds of mustard plants give us oil and the leaves are used as a vegetable.

     2.    Pumpkin

     3.    Banana 

Bees collect nectar (sweet juices) from flowers. 

Herbivores:- animals which eat only plants or plant products. 

Carnivores:- animals which eat other animals. 

[Indian Polity4]Target Naib Tehsildar

                 DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY (DPSP)

1. The framers of our Constitution borrowed the concept of DPSP from the Constitution of (OR) the idea of DPSP is borrowed from the Constitution of ---- Ireland

2. DPSP are contained in (OR) Welfare provisions under Indian Constitution are guaranteed under --Part IV

3. Who described the DPSP as the ‘Novel Feature of the Indian Constitution’? --- Ambedkar

4. The DPSP aim at ---- providing a social and economic base for a genuine democracy in the country

5. DPSP are ---- positive instructions to government to work for the attainment of set objectives

Current Affairs-21st & 22nd Sep

September 21: International Day of Peace

It was established in 1981.

Theme: “Partnerships for Peace- Dignity for All” 

Ferrari driver Sebastian Vettel from Germany has won 2015 Singapore Grand Prix of Formula One. Earlier he had won Malaysian Grand Prix and Hungarian Grand Prix.
2^nd position: Daniel Ricciardo (Australia) of Red Bull

India’s Ajay Jayaram became first Indian badminton player to win silver medal in 2015 Korea Open Badminton tournament in the Men’s singles category.
Gold: Cheng Long of China

Paper II (for classes VI to VIII) Elementary Stage

I. Child Development and Pedagogy 30 Questions

a) Child Development (Elementary School Child) 15 Questions

Ø  Concept of development and its relationship with learning

Ø  Principles of the development of children

Ø  Influence of Heredity & Environment

Ø  Socialization processes: Social world & children (Teacher, Parents, Peers)

Ø  Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspectives

Ø  Concepts of child-centered and progressive education

Ø  Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence

Paper I (for classes I to V) Primary Stage

I. Child Development and Pedagogy 30 Questions

a) Child Development (Primary School Child) 15 Questions

Ø  Concept of development and its relationship with learning

Ø  Principles of the development of children

Ø  Influence of Heredity & Environment

Ø  Socialization processes: Social world & children (Teacher, Parents, Peers)

Ø  Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky: constructs and critical perspectives

Ø  Concepts of child-centered and progressive education

Ø  Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence

Ø  Multi Dimensional Intelligence

JKSSB Naib Tehsildar Syllabus

Syllabus for Written Test (Objective/Descriptive Type) for the posts of Naib Tehsildar                                                                 Time: 3Hours                                                                                                       Marks: 160                                

Unit-I URDU Descriptive Test 30 Marks

Unit-II GENERAL ENGLISH (Objective Type) 20 Marks

(I)            Tenses

(II)           Rearranging of jumbled sentences.

(III)          Narration

(IV)         Models

[Indian Polity3]Target Naib Tehsildar

                                   FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS (FRs)

1. India is referred as ___ under the Indian Constitution.--- Bharat

2. Who is empowered to admit a new State to the Union of India? ---- Parliament

3. Which important Human Right is protected in Article 21 of our Constitution? --- Right to Life and Liberty

4. The Constitution confers a special authority for the enforcement of FRs on the ---- Supreme Court

5. The FRs of the Indian Citizen in our Constitution are contained in (OR) FRs are guaranteed under ____ of the Indian Constitution. --- Part III

[Important Terms]Target Naib Tehsildar

Jamabandi (Record of Rights)

It is a document prepared as part of Record-Of-Right in every Revenue estate. It contains entries regarding ownership, cultivation and Up-To-Date of various rights in land. It is revised every five years when a jamabandi is prepared by patwari and attested by revenue officer.

Mutation Register

Mutation indicates the changes that have to be brought about in ownership and title of the land. It contains the information about the Khewat of last Jamabandi. There are many types of mutations but the main types includes Sale, Gift, Mortgage with Possession, Mortgage

Current Affairs-18th , 19th & 20th Sep

1. Indian Railways has developed a Hybrid Vacuum Toilet design which combines the advantages of Vacuum toilets and those of Biotoilets. These toilet has been fitted on trial basis in Dibrugarh Rajdhani.


2. Madhya Pradesh Government launched M-Shiksha-Mitra mobile app for teachers.

3. Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has banned the sale of Diclofenac in multidose vial to save and protect vultures from

[AUGUST Must] current affairs

  1.    Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi announced a new campaign “Start-up India, Stand up India” to encourage entrepreneurship among the youth of India.

  2.    The 1984-batch IPS officer, Mr. Karnal Singh has given an additional charge as the chief of Enforcement Directorate (ED) for a period of 3 months or until further orders for a regular appointment.

  3.    As per the recently released Red List of International Union For Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Asiatic Wild Ass has been classified as an endangered animal. The Asiatic Wild Ass is locally known as ghudkhar and found only in the Little Rann of Kutch in Gujarat.

  4.    IDBI Bank has signed an agreement with Mudra Bank for refinancing of loans given to small enterprises.

  5.    The ICICI Bank launched the ‘Smart Vault’, a fully automated state-of-the-art locker available 24×7, including weekends and post banking hours. 

[Indian Polity2]Target Naib Tehsildar

 PREAMBLE AND EVOLUTION OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION

                 
1. Who is the person fondly known as the Chief Architect of the Indian Constitution? ---- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

2. First attempt in world to constitute a Constituent Assembly to frame a Constitution was made by ---- America

3. The first attempt by Indians to write a Constitution to India was done by a Committee headed by Motilal Nehru, which is known as ---- Nehru Report

4. The idea of the Constitution of India was flashed for the first time by ----- M. N. Roy

5. The plan of setting up of a Constituent Assembly to draw up the future Constitution for India was given by ---- The Cabinet Mission Plan

Current Affairs 16 & 17 Sep

16 September: International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer
17 September: Maqbool Fida Husain commonly known as MF Husain 100^th birthday

ü  Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) for the welfare of people affected by mining related operations.
Mines and Minerals (Development & Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 

ü  Earthquake of 8.3-magnitude on Richter scale has hit off Chile’s coast in Illapel. Chile is one of the world’s most earthquake prone countries as it lies on so called Pacific Ring of Fire.

[World History 1 ] Target Naib Tehsildar

                           American Revolution

Thirteen colonies and North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America

Causes for American Revolution

1.   The French and Indian War

2.   Americans felt they Deserved Equal rights with Englishmen

3.   Pandemic :- black death

4.   Series of intolerable acts

 The Sugar Act - In 1764 the British crown put out a three-cent tax on sugar

The Stamp Act - This 1765 Act was the first to effect the entire population

      Townshend Acts - These series of 1767 laws placed taxes on lead, paints, glass, paper and tea

5.   Governmental Discrepancies

Important Events

Boston Massacre

On March 5, 1770 a group of protesting colonist encountered British Soldiers patrolling the streets of Boston.

[About Haryana ] Target Naib Tehsildar

Haryana is the 20^th state of India that came into being on 1^st November 1966 and presently has 21 districts. Previously it was under Punjab. It is situated in the North Western region surrounded by Himachal Pradesh from North, Uttrakhand from North East, Rajasthan from the South, U.P and Delhi from East and Punjab from North West. The largest district of Haryana is Bhiwani while Panchkula is the smallest district. Panchkula, along with Mohali and Chandigarh is called Tricity. The capital of Haryana is shared by its neighboring state Punjab and is Chandigarh, designed by Swiss born French architect, Le Corbusier.

History of Haryana

Haryana became a state of India on November 1, 1966. The present day Haryana is the region where, along the banks of the River Saraswati, the Vedic Civilization began and matured. It was here that the Vedas were written, as the Aryans chanted their sacred Mantras. Replete with myths and legends, Haryana's 5000 year old history is steeped in glory. It was here that Lord Krishna preached Bhagvad-Gita at the start of the battle of Mahabharat. It was on this soil that saint Ved Vyas wrote Mahabharat in Sanskrit. Before the Mahabharat war, a battle of ten kings took place in the Kurukshetra region in the Saraswati valley. But it was the Mahabharat War, approximately in 900 BC, which gave to the region worldwide fame. Mahabharat knows Haryana as Bahudhhanyaka, land of plentiful grains and Bahudhana, the land of immense riches. The word Hariana, occurs in a 1328 AD Sanskrit inscription kept in the Delhi Museum, which refers to the Haryana region as The heaven on earth.

[some important term] Target Naib Tehsildar

Abadi Deh	In Inhabitant Site Of Village
Badastur	Unaltered
Banjar	Uncultivated Land
Banjar Jadid	New Fellow (Land Not Cultivated For Continuous Four Harvests Though It Was Cultivated Earlier.
Banjar Kadim	Old Fallow (If Continued To Be Uncultivated For Next Four Harvests)
Barani	Dependent On Rainfall
Bigha	A Measure Of Area (It Is Different In Different Areas)
Biswa	One Twentieth Of A Bigha

Current Affairs 14 & 15 Sep

¨14 September- National Hindi Divas

¨15 September- Engineers Day (The Engineering Community across India is celebrating Engineers Day as a remarkable tribute to the greatest Indian Engineer Bharat Ratan Visvesvaraya )

¨Andhra Pradesh Government has unveiled ‘New Tourism Policy-2015-20 to boost tourism sector in the state.

¨Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) on Supervisory Cooperation and Exchange of Supervisory Information.

¨Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott was ousted from power as leader of the ruling centre-right Liberal Party by challenger Malcolm Turnbull.

¨Gujarat has been placed to top position in World Bank’s first ever ranking of States on the ease of doing business in India. The largest recipients of foreign investments Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu were placed at eighth and twelfth position respectively.

¨Bankers Chanda Kochhar (ICICI) and Arundhati Bhattacharya (SBI) have been ranked as top two in a list of most powerful women in Asia-Pacific prepared by the global magazine Fortune.

¨Union Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports has recognized the Indian Kalarippayattu Federation (IKF) as Regional Sports Federation (RSF). Kalaripayattu sport is a Martial art played/performed in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

¨Hormusji N Cama unanimously elected as the new chairman of the Press Trust of India (PTI). 

¨The Constituent Assembly of Nepal has overwhelmingly rejected the proposal to declare Nepal a Hindu state and reaffirmed to remain secular.

¨Classical dancer Kalamandalam Sathyabhama passed away in Palakkad district of Kerala.

¨US Open Titles of Tennis 2015:-

Men’s Singles title-Novak Djokovic of Serbia

Men’s Doubles Title:- Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut of French

Women’s Singles Title:- Flavia Pennetta of Italy

Women’s Doubles Title:- Sania Mirza of India and Martina Hingis of Switzerland

Mixed Doubles Title:- Leander Paes of India and Martina Hingis of Switzerland

                                             : )

[HARYANA GK & CURRENT AFFAIRS 3] Target Naib Tehsildar

                          HARYANA BUDGET REVIEW

The Haryana Government will give free laptops (Tablets) to the students belonging to Scheduled Castes families to enable them to get technical education.

Free bicycles would be given to girl students belonging to Scheduled Caste families under the Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao Programme.  Also, books worth of Rs 1,000 for diploma courses and of Rs 2,500 for graduate and post graduate courses would be given.      

  The students with disabilities studying in school and colleges would now get minimum scholarship of Rs 700 per month, instead of Rs 400 per month.                   

Mukhyamantri Vivah Shagun Yojana to be launched to provide assistance of up to Rs 41,000 for wedding of women belonging to SCs, denotified tribes, tapriwas jatis and widows.

 A museum at Kurkshetra at a cost of Rs 20 crore to be constructed.

800 MW supercritical thermal power unit at Panipat at cost of Rs 4,000 crore.

[INDIAN CULTURE 1] Target Naib Tehsildar

                                        Pre-Historic Painting

We do not really know if Lower Palaeolithic people ever produced any art objects. But by the Upper Palaeolithic times we see a proliferation of artistic activities. In India the earliest paintings have been reported from the Upper Palaeolithic times. It is interesting to know that the first discovery of rock paintings was made in India in 1867–68 by an archaeologist, Archibold Carlleyle, twelve years before the discovery of Altamira in Spain. Richest paintings are reported from the Vindhya ranges of Madhya Pradesh and their Kaimurean extensions into Uttar Pradesh. These hill ranges are full of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic remains.

The caves of Bhimbetka were discovered in 1957–58 by eminent archaeologist V.S. Wakankar.

The largest number of paintings belongs to Period II that covers the Mesolithic paintings. During this period the themes multiply but the paintings are smaller in size. Hunting scenes predominate. Mesolithic artists loved to paint animals. In some pictures, animals are chasing men. Women are painted both in the nude and clothed.

[INDIAN ECONOMY 1] Target Naib Tehsildar

India's Largest Food grains producing States

 Rice: West Bengal, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh

 Wheat: Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana

 Maize: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra

 Total Coarse Cereals: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan

 Total Pulses: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh

 Total Food grains: Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh

                                     

India’s Largest Oilseeds Producing States

 Groundnut: Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu

 Rapeseed & Mustard: Rajasthan, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh

 Soyabean: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan

 Sunflower: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra

 Total Oilseeds: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat

Largest Producing States of other Crops

 Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka

 Cotton: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh

 Jute & Mesta: West Bengal, Bihar & Assam

India is the sixth largest producer of coffee after Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, and Ethiopia. Coffee is cultivated in Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

Karnataka is the leading Coffee producer in India.

India is the largest producer and consumer of black tea in the world. Tea is grown in 16 states in India. India is world’s second largest tea producer after China. The Largest state with area under Tea Plantations in India is Assam.

India is world’s fourth largest Tea exporter. Kenya is world’s largest key exporter.

Darjeeling Tea is also known as "The Champagne of Teas"

India ranks first in world milk production.

National Dairy Development Board, located at Anand, Gujarat. It was created in 1965, fulfilling the desire of the then Prime Minister of India - the late Lal Bahadur Shastri.

The High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) was launched in the Kharif of 1966-67 with an objective to attain self-sufficiency in food by 1970-71. The Green Revolution increased in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains.

The term "Green Revolution" was first used in 1968 by then USAID director William Gaud. It started from Mexico with the efforts of Dr. Norman Borlaug and expanded to India, Pakistan, Philippines and other parts of the world. In India, M. S. Swaminathan was the adviser of the Minister of Agriculture and he had invited Dr. Borlaug to India.

Green Revolution- Food Grains Production
White Revolution-Milk Production
Yellow Revolution- Oil Seeds
Blue Revolution- Fisheries
Golden Revolution-Fruits
Black / Brown Revolution-Non Conventional Energy

Silver Revolution- Eggs
Round Revolution- Potato
Red Revolution- Tomato / Meat

Grey Revolution- Fertilizers

Dr. Verghese Kurien is considered the architect of Operation Flood/White Revolution.

Botanical name of Tea is Camellia sinensis

The Minimum Support Prices were announced by the Government of India for the first time in 1966-67 for Wheat.

When the prices of oil seeds, pulses and cotton fall below MSP, National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd.(NAFED) purchases them from the farmers.

[HARYANA GK & CURRENT AFFAIRS 2] Target Naib Tehsildar

The first time, the 24th Mango Mela was celebrated with lot of enthusiasm at Pinjore Gardens from 4-5 July 2015. The Mela was inaugurated by the Tourism Minister, Mr Ram Bilas Sharma. Mr Ratan Lal Kataria, Minister of Parliament from Ambala and Mrs Latika Sharma, MLA, Kalka, also graced the occasion.

WORLD PHOTOGRAPHY DAY falls on August 19.

World’s first photograph- In 1826, French scientist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, took the photograph, titled 'View from the Window at Le Gras’, at his family’s country home.

The Ashoka Edicts Park will be built in Topara Kalan village of Yamunanagar where seven

Ashoka Pillars, eight rock edicts and other structures of Mauryan time will be constructed.

It is estimated that fewer than 3,200 tigers survive in the wild.

International Tiger Day- 29 July

First International Yoga Day on June 21, 2015

Rajpath had as many as 35,985 people performing yoga at one place on the First International Yoga Day on June 21 and walking into the record books, the HUDA Ground in Karnal had close to 30,000 people doing asanas. Programmes had been organised at 60 places all over the state to celebrate the day in which about one lakh people participated.

177 countries co-sponsored a resolution in the United Nations to declare June 21 as the 'International Yoga Day'.

Haryana Health, Sports and Youth Affairs Minister- Mr Anil Vij

Mr Manohar Lal has decided to open 1,000 Vyayam Shalas in rural areas to take yoga to each individual in the state.

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) as well as the services sector which accounts for 57 per cent of the state’ gross domestic product.

Industrial Promotion Act, 2005

Those having investment between Rs 5 and Rs 10 crore in plant and machinery would be categorised as medium sector, between Rs 25 lakh and Rs 5 crore as small sector and less than Rs 25 lakh as micro sectors.

Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act, 1970

There are now a total of 23 districts in NCR, out of which 13 are from Haryana.

Latest addition of three more districts - Bhiwani, Mahendragarh and Bharatpur.

Gurpreet Pal from Shergarh Tapu village in Karnal has clinched bronze in 3000 m race in the Youth National Championship.

The Kurukshetra University distributed Rs 69 lakh to its sportspersons, who have won medals at All-India inter-university, national and international level competitions, at its annual sports prize distribution function for the year 2014-15 held at the university campus on May 28 2015.

                                              :)

crux of Hindu & Pib

Download Crux of Hindu & Pib of May, June, July  <click here>

current affairs 12 & 13 Sep

Rajasthan became the first state in the country to submit its annual action plan under the newly launched Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT). Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) is the new avatar of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)

Rakesh Sharma appointed as Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Bengaluru-headquartered Canara Bank

Indra Nooyi, CEO PepsiCo is 2^nd most powerful women of 2015 edition of Fortune’s list of 50 Most Powerful Women in Business. General Motors CEO Mary Barra top the list.

Third position: Ginni Rometty, CEO of IBM.

Renowned water policy expert Ramaswamy R. Iyer passed away in New Delhi. He was instrumental in drafting India’s first National Water Policy in 1987.

Anirban Lahiri becomes the first Indian golfer to qualify for a Presidents Cup.The championship is scheduled to be held at Incheon in South Korea.

 First Australia and India maritime exercise begins in Visakhapatnam- AUSINDEX15

Dr. G Satheesh Reddy, an eminent missile scientist of DRDO has been conferred with prestigious Silver Medal by London based Royal Aeronautical Society (RAeS)

JK Tyre has signed a binding agreement with Kesoram Industries to acquire its Haridwar unit in Uttarakhand in a decal value of 2,200 crore rupees

In 2015 Singapore General Elections, People’s Action Party (PAP) led by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong has emerged victorious. With this victory, governing PAP has secured their 14th consecutive term in office since independence of city-state in 1965.

                                                 :)

[Indian Polity]Target Naib Tehsildar

Communal Award

In August 1932, Ramsay MacDonald, the British Prime Minister, announced a scheme of representation of the minorities

The Government of India Act of 1919 was thus enacted, which came into force in 1921. This Act is also known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (Montagu was the Secretary of State for India and Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India)

Simon Commission

In November 1927 itself (i.e., 2 years before the schedule), the British Government announced the appointment a seven-member statutory commission. The commission submitted its report in 1930.

 Government of India Act of 1935

                The Act marked a second milestone towards a completely responsible       government in India. It was a lengthy and detailed document having 321 Sections and 10 Schedules.

SOME FACTS  

• India got freedom as a result of Mountbatten Plan which is also known as 3June Plan.
• The British East India company was launchedin 1600 for trade in spices.
• Government of India Act 1858.:- passed on 2^nd August 1858.
• Legal status of Princely status comes under the “Interpretation Act 1889”
• Pondicherry control by France while Goa was under control of Portugal.
• Government of India offered Standstill agreement to the government of Hyderabad assuring that status quo would be maintained and no use of force would be taken.
• When the constitution of India was adopted by the constitution assembly, the states were in four parts.
• JVP committee (Jawaharlal –Vallabhbhai Patel –Pattabhi Sitaramaiya ) was formed in 1948.
• Dhar commission under the chairmanship ofJustice S N Dhar on, June 17, 1948
• India’s first state on linguistic basis- Andhra state on October 1, 1953
• State Reorganization Act, passed on 1 November 1956.
• Nagaland -1961 (created)
• Haryana from Punjab – 1966
• Himachal Pradesh- 1970
• Manipur, Tripura, Meghalaya – 1971
• Sikkim -1975
• Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Goa – 1987

                                    Constitution of India

                      Part 1- Union & its Territories article (1-4)

Article 1- Name & Territory of the Union

(1)  India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of states.

Article 2- Admission  or establishment of new state

Sikkim associated under article 2A bconstitution (36^th Amendment) Act, 1975

Article 3- Formation of new state, alteration of boundries, area or name of existing state

For e.g. Orissa became Odisha

Article 4-  laws made under articles 2 & 3 are not to be considered as amedments of constitution under article 368.

                         Part II- Citizenship Article (5-11)

Article 5- Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.

Ordinary citizen of India since or before 26 January 1945

Article 6- Citizenship right of certain persons who migrated to India from Pakistan.

Category 1- who came before July 19, 1948 will automatically be citizen of India

Category 2- who came after July 19, 1948 have to follow some norms

Article7- Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.

A person who is desiring to return back to India with an intention to permanently reside was required to get a separate permit

Article8- Rights of citizenship of persons of Indian origin residing outside India.

According to government of India Act, 1935

Article 9- Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign state not to be citizens.

Article10- Continuance of the rights of citizenship.

According to any law made by government

Article11-Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law

The Citizenship Act, 1955

                                                    :)